Excel for Android is getting the ability to insert numbers and text from a picture.
Insert | Data from Picture is now available to Office for Android Insiders and will rollout to the public in coming months.
It’s OCR (Optical Character Recognition) specialized for Excel.
Source: Microsoft
You can get a similar result by taking a picture / screen shot in Office Lens or some other OCR app, then pasting the results into Excel.
From the Microsoft supplied image, it seems Insert Data from Picture is intended for converting screen images of worksheets into a fresh worksheet.